6 articles
Learn sampling fundamentals for water and wastewater testing, including representative samples, grab and composite samples, sampling locations, containers, preservation, holding times, labeling, transport, and chain of custody.
Learn laboratory QA/QC and data-quality fundamentals, including accuracy, precision, blanks, duplicates, standards, calibration checks, control limits, traceability, and result validation.
Learn instrument and measurement fundamentals, including range, accuracy, precision, resolution, calibration, verification, zero, span, drift, standards, measurement error, and operator troubleshooting.
Learn common drinking water laboratory analyses, including turbidity, pH, chlorine residual, alkalinity, hardness, conductivity, microbiological indicators, nitrate, iron, manganese, and operator interpretation.
Learn common wastewater laboratory analyses, including BOD, COD, TSS, VSS, pH, alkalinity, dissolved oxygen, ammonia, nitrate, phosphorus, settleability, solids tests, and operator interpretation.
Learn how to interpret laboratory results and trends using baselines, rates of change, correlations, process lag, normalized data, rolling averages, outliers, QA/QC, and operational context.